What is one power the President does NOT have?

The President does not have the power to declare war. This authority is specifically granted to Congress under Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution. Congress holds the power to declare war as a means of providing a system of checks and balances, ensuring that military actions are subject to legislative oversight.

In contrast, the powers to appoint federal judges, grant pardons, and issue executive orders are all within the President's constitutional authority. The President can appoint judges to the federal judiciary, with the advice and consent of the Senate, which allows the executive branch to influence the judiciary. The power to grant pardons gives the President the ability to forgive or lessen the sentences of those convicted of federal crimes, reflecting the executive's role in the justice system. Furthermore, issuing executive orders enables the President to direct the operations of the federal government efficiently, allowing for immediate policy implementation without the need for Congressional approval. These distinctions highlight the carefully delineated powers assigned to each branch of government, reinforcing the principles of federalism and separation of powers.