Which of the following best describes the impeachment process?

The impeachment process is best described as involving both the House of Representatives and the Senate. This dual chamber involvement is central to how impeachment functions in the United States government. The House of Representatives is responsible for initiating the impeachment process, including the authority to impeach a federal official, which is essentially bringing charges against them. If the House votes to impeach, the case then moves to the Senate, which conducts a trial to determine whether to convict and remove the official from office.

This process underscores the checks and balances designed by the framers of the Constitution to ensure that no single branch of government has unilateral power over the removal of officials. The requirement for both chambers to participate reflects a commitment to measured and deliberative processes in governance.

The other options do not accurately portray the impeachment process. It is not solely initiated by the Justice Department, nor does it require the President's consent. Additionally, while the impeachment process can be applied to federal judges, it is not limited to them; it can also apply to other federal officials, including the President and members of the executive branch.